A conflict of interest exists when financial, professional, institutional, or personal relationships could influence, or appear to influence, a person's judgement about a manuscript. The Journal of Information System and Artificial Intelligence (JISAI) requires all authors, reviewers, and editors to declare such interests.

1. Types of Competing Interests

• Financial: funding, employment, consultancy, shares, patents, or fees related to the work
• Professional and institutional: same institution, recent collaboration (within the last 3 years), supervisor–student relationships, or competing research
• Personal: family relationships, close friendships, or personal rivalries
• Intellectual: beliefs that could affect objective judgement

2. Authors

All authors must disclose any competing interests and all sources of funding in a "Conflict of Interest" statement and a "Funding" statement in the manuscript, placed before the References. If there are none, authors must state: "The authors declare no conflict of interest." The corresponding author confirms this on behalf of all authors in the Author Agreement.

3. Reviewers

Reviewers must decline an invitation, or inform the editor, if they have a conflict of interest with the authors or the work. This includes being from the same institution as any author, having collaborated with any author within the last 3 years, or being a direct competitor. Reviewers must not use unpublished information from a manuscript for their own advantage.

4. Editors and Editorial Board Members

Editors must not handle manuscripts in which they have a conflict of interest. Manuscripts submitted by the Editor-in-Chief, editors, editorial board members, or reviewers of JISAI are handled by another editor with no conflict of interest and undergo the same double-blind peer review as all other submissions. The submitting editor has no access to the review records of their own manuscript. Such articles carry a note stating that the author is a member of the journal's editorial team and was not involved in the editorial decision.

5. Undisclosed Conflicts

If an undisclosed conflict of interest is identified after submission or publication, it is handled under the Handling Allegations of Misconduct procedure and may lead to a correction or, in serious cases, retraction.